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Part VI · Articles
152 · Definition. 153 · Governors of States. 154 · Executive power of State. 155 · Appointment of Governor. 156 · Term of office of Governor. 157 · Qualifications for appointment as... 158 · Conditions of Governor's office. 159 · Oath or affirmation by the... 160 · Discharge of the functions of the... 161 · Power of Governor to grant... 162 · Extent of executive power of... 163 · Council of Ministers to aid and... 164 · Other provisions as to Ministers. 165 · Advocate-General for the State. 166 · Conduct of Business of the... 167 · Duties of Chief Minister as... 168 · Constitution of Legislatures in... 169 · Abolition or creation of... 170 · Composition of the Legislative... 171 · Composition of the Legislative... 172 · Duration of State Legislatures. 173 · Qualification for membership of... 174 · Sessions of the State Legislature,... 175 · Right of Governor to address and... 176 · Special address by the Governor. 177 · Rights of Ministers and... 178 · The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of... 179 · Vacation and resignation of, and... 180 · Power of the Deputy Speaker or... 181 · The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker... 182 · The Chairman and Deputy Chairman... 183 · Vacation and resignation of, and... 184 · Power of the Deputy Chairman or... 185 · The Chairman or the Deputy... 186 · Salaries and allowances of the... 187 · Secretariat of State Legislature. 188 · Oath or affirmation by members. 189 · Voting in Houses, power of Houses... 190 · Vacation of seats. 191 · Disqualifications for membership. 192 · Decision on questions as to... 193 · Penalty for sitting and voting... 194 · Powers, privileges, etc., of the... 195 · Salaries and allowances of... 196 · Provisions as to introduction and... 197 · Restriction on powers of... 198 · Special procedure in respect of... 199 · Definition of “Money Bills”. 200 · Assent to Bills. 201 · Bills reserved for consideration. 202 · Annual financial statement. 203 · Procedure in Legislature with... 204 · Appropriation Bills. 205 · Supplementary, additional or... 206 · Votes on account, votes of credit... 207 · Special provisions as to financial... 208 · Rules of procedure. 209 · Regulation by law of procedure in... 210 · Language to be used in the... 211 · Restriction on discussion in the... 212 · Courts not to inquire into... 213 · Power of Governor to promulgate... 214 · High Courts for States. 215 · High Courts to be courts of... 216 · Constitution of High Courts. 217 · Appointment and conditions of the... 218 · Application of certain provisions... 219 · Oath or affirmation by Judges of... 220 · Restriction on practice after... 221 · Salaries, etc., of Judges. 222 · Transfer of a Judge from one High... 223 · Appointment of acting Chief... 224 · Appointment of additional and... 224A · Appointment of retired Judges at... 225 · Jurisdiction of existing High... 226 · Power of High Courts to issue... 226A · Constitutional validity of Central... 227 · Power of superintendence over all... 228 · Transfer of certain cases to High... 228A · Special provisions as to disposal... 229 · Officers and servants and the... 230 · Extension of jurisdiction of High... 231 · Establishment of a common High... 232 · Interpretation. 233 · Appointment of district judges. 233A · Validation of appointments of, and... 234 · Recruitment of persons other than... 235 · Control over subordinate courts. 236 · Interpretation. 237 · Application of the provisions of...
233A

Validation of appointments of, and judgments, etc., delivered by, certain district judges.

1Notwithstanding any judgment, decree or order of any court,—

(a)(i) no appointment of any person already in the judicial service of a State or of any person who has been for not less than seven years an advocate or a pleader, to be a district judge in that State, and

(ii)no posting, promotion or transfer of any such person as a district judge, made at any time before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentieth Amendment) Act, 1966, otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of article 233 or article 235 shall be deemed to be illegal or void or ever to have become illegal or void by reason only of the fact that such appointment, posting, promotion or transfer was not made in accordance with the said provisions;

(b)no jurisdiction exercised, no judgment, decree, sentence or order passed or made, and no other act or proceeding done or taken, before the commencement of the Constitution (Twentieth Amendment) Act, 1966 by, or before, any person appointed, posted, promoted or transferred as a district judge in any State otherwise than in accordance with the provisions of article 233 or article 235 shall be deemed to be illegal or invalid or ever to have become illegal or invalid by reason only of the fact that such appointment, posting, promotion or transfer was not made in accordance with the said provisions.]

Footnotes (from the official text)

1 Ins. by the Constitution (Twentieth Amendment) Act, 1966, s. 2 (w.e.f. 22-12-1966).

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