National Environmental Tribunal and National Environmental Appellate Authority — MCQs

All questions with answers and explanations

Read the full set here, or use the practice card above to test yourself one question at a time.

1. The National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995 provided for:

   • No-fault compensation for accidents involving hazardous substances (correct answer)
   • Appeals on environmental clearance
   • Protection of wildlife
   • Control of vehicular noise

   Explanation. The NET Act gave no-fault liability and compensation for accidents while handling hazardous substances.

2. Appeals against awards of the National Environment Tribunal lay to:

   • High Court
   • Supreme Court (correct answer)
   • District Court
   • Pollution Control Board

   Explanation. Under the NET Act, appeal lay to the Supreme Court.

3. The National Environment Appellate Authority Act, 1997 dealt with:

   • Appeals against grant of environmental clearance (correct answer)
   • Compensation for oil spills
   • Protection of forests
   • Disposal of e-waste

   Explanation. The NEAA heard appeals against environmental clearance for projects in restricted areas.

4. Which statement about the NET is correct?

   • It worked as the main environmental court for decades
   • It was provided for in the Act but never made functional (correct answer)
   • It replaced the Supreme Court
   • It was set up in 2010

   Explanation. The Tribunal under the 1995 Act was never actually set up and made functional.

5. Both the NET Act, 1995 and the NEAA Act, 1997 were repealed by:

   • Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
   • National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 (correct answer)
   • Air Act, 1981
   • Biological Diversity Act, 2002

   Explanation. The NGT Act, 2010 repealed both earlier Acts.

6. The NET Act was meant to work alongside which law requiring insurance for handling hazardous substances?

   • Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 (correct answer)
   • Motor Vehicles Act, 1988
   • Consumer Protection Act, 2019
   • Companies Act, 2013

   Explanation. The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 requires insurance for those handling hazardous substances.

7. Which case stressed that environmental courts need judicial and scientific input?

   • A.P. Pollution Control Board v. Prof. M.V. Nayudu (correct answer)
   • Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co.
   • Entick v. Carrington
   • Hadley v. Baxendale

   Explanation. Nayudu (1999) held that environmental courts, authorities and tribunals must have adequate judicial and scientific inputs.

8. Which body is the successor with wide jurisdiction over environmental disputes?

   • National Green Tribunal (correct answer)
   • Law Commission
   • Election Commission
   • Central Vigilance Commission

   Explanation. The National Green Tribunal took over the field with wider jurisdiction.